The FDA may approve a new emergency contraceptive that could help prevent pregnancy up to five days after unprotected intercourse, following the unanimous recommendation of a federal advisory panel.
The new pill, called ella, is an alternative to the currently available Plan B. Plan B is available over the counter to women 18 and older, but, to be effective, can be taken only three days after unprotected intercourse. If approved, ella would be available by prescription only. The federal advisory committee recommended prescription status since the medicine is so new.
After unprotected sex, women have a 20 percent chance of becoming pregnant. After taking plan B, this chance is reduced to about 2.5 percent. After taking ella, the chance would be reduced to about 2 percent.
Ella is being marketed as a drug that blocks the effects of the ovulation-inducing hormone, progesterone, delaying ovulation, but some debate remains about its actual biological mechanisms. Ella is chemically related to RU-486, an emergency contraceptive that also has abortive properties. Some critics argue that ella, as well as delaying ovulation, may prevent a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus. According to the results of animal studies, ella did not affect established pregnancies, but according to other scientists, ella must have some unique quality that extends its effectiveness to five days.
Anti-abortion critics say ella may be slipped to women by men as an "under-cover" abortion pill. Women's health advocates say more contraceptive options are needed, including ella. Either way, the federal advisory committee clearly recognizes the statistics: in the United States, one million women who do not want pregnancies have unprotected each night. 25,000 become pregnant each year after sexual assault. Half of United States pregnancies are unintended, even though no great social barriers stand in the way of contraceptive use. Plan B has been available since 2006 and has seemingly done little to abate the problem.
From: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/health/policy/18pill.html?ref=health
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